Rail joint.



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HARMON woman, or wriv'rnnor, MASSACHUSETTS.

ENVELOP.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 24,1914.

To all 'whom it may concern Be it known that I, HARMON Wnonern, a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of Winthrop in the county of Sufiolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Envelops, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to envelops and particularly to that class of envelopsmade up of thin paper for use in foreign correspondence or o envelops having a transparent window therein which are necessarily made of thin material. Where envelops are made up of thin material in this manner, unless some provision is made to obscure the writing or printed matter contained within the envelop, it is possible to read portions of the contents thereof through the envelop. Naturally this is, very objectionable and many attempts have'been made to provide the inner face of the envelop with tints of different characters so that the written matter upon theletter will be obscured and it will be impossible to read or otherwise interpret the characters contained within said en-- velop. In some cases a solid black 0 aque tint is used which effectually accomp ishes this result and prevents the characters within the envelop from being read throughthe paper envelop covering it. Such an envelop, however, is highly objectionable, owing to its somber appearance. ere lighter tints are used it is always possible to read the writing through the paper forming the envelop. Attempts have been made to form a tint of a plurality of lines parallel to one another and in some cases this tint is crossed by other lines parallel to each other. Many variations of tints have been provided in this manner, some of the lines being straight and some of them curved, but all of such tints as far as is known have'failed to accomplish the object sought. After repeated experiments it has been discovered that it is essential in order to procure the results desired that the inner face.

of the envelop should be provided with a plurality of figures or characters some of them composed of heavy opaque straight lines while other figures or characters are composed of curved lines, these figures and characters bemg arranged in groups, the squares and curved figures of each group being concentrically disposed relative to each Other. When the inner face of the envelop is provided with such a plurality of combined straight and curved lines at angles to each other it has been found utterly impossible to read the characters on the contents of the letter or other matter contained within the envelop. 4

The invention therefore consists in procharacters and figures made up of heavy opaque =sraight and curved lines so positioned re scure the writing or printed matter contained within the envelop.

Of the drawings: Figure 1 represents a face view on areduced scale of an envelop blank before being folded or made into an envelop and having its surface which, when the blank is folded constitutes the inner' face of the envelop, prepared in accordance withthis invention. Fig. 2 is a face view of the envelop as folded from a blank such as shown in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a face view in full size of a portion of the envelop blank shown in Fig. 1. I

Similar characters designate like parts throughout the several figures of the draw--:

Tn the drawings, 10 is an envelop blank on a reduced scale, and 11 is an envelop made therefrom. The blank 10 and envelop 11 as shown are constructed in any wellknown manner, and differ from ordinary enative to each other that they obviding the inner face of the envelop with v'elops only in the-manner herein specified.

On the inner face of the envelop blank are positioned a plurality of heavy black straight lines 12 referably forming squares as indicated in ig. 3 of the drawings and arran d to give a checkerboard appearance,

as in icated in said figure. Interposed between. the squares 12 are a luralit of curved circular heavy opaque lines 13. In each of these squares 12 is a'heavy circular opaque line 14 within the boundaries of each of which is positioned a smaller s uare 15, which, in turn, has positioned within its boundaries another circle 16 of heavy opaque lines. Similarly within each circle 13 is a square 17 of heavy opaque lines having positioned' within its boundaries a circle 18 of heavy opaque lines. It is obvious, therefore, that the figures or characters composing the tint on the inner face of the envelop blank are arranged in groups with the squares and circles of .each group concentrically arranged. These lines of themselves and because of their opaqueness obscure and pre- O. G. AGKER.

RAIL JOINT.

APPLIOATION FILED MAY 16, 1913.

Pajented Mar.24,1914,

womqg CHARLES C. ACKER, 0F WIN NSIBORO, TEXA$.

' RAIL-JOINT.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed. May 16, 1913. Serial No. 768,096.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, CHARLES C. Acxnn, citizen of the United States, residing at lVinnsboro, in the county of Wood and State of Texas, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Rail-Joints, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to combined railway joints and chairs and has for its object the provision of a strong, durable and efficient device of this character, the con struction of which is such that the ends of adjacent rails may be readily united and rigidly supported against both lateral and vertical displacement without the employment of the usual fastening bolts.

A further object of the invention is to provide a rail chair including spaced upstanding braces of different heights, the inner face of one of said braces being provided with a seat for the reception of a locking key, and the outer face of the locking key being formed with a seat or shoulder for contact with the upper longitudinal edge of the lower or short brace.

A further object is to provide a chair which will snugly engage and brace the base of the rail when the key is either seated or withdrawn from the chair, said key being supported on the seat in the lower or short rail brace and serving to clamp the brace in contact with the base of the rail during the passage of a train over the joint.

A still further object of the invention is generally to improve this class of devices so as to increase their durability, utility and efficiency.

For a full understanding of the invention, reference is to be had to the following description and accompanying drawing, in which Figure l is a perspective view of a combined railway chair and joint constructed in accordance with the present invention; Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2; and Fig. 4 is a detail perspective view of one end of the locking key.

Corresponding and like parts are referred to in the following description and inclicated in all the views of the accompanying drawing by the same reference characters.

The improved railway chair and joint forming the subject-matter of the present invention is principally designed for con Patented Mar. 24, 1914.

necting the abutting ends of adjacent rail braces, as shown. .The inner face of the lower or. short brace 9 is provided with a seating recess 10 defining a downwardly inclined shoulder 11 for contact with the corresponchngly beveled or inclined edge of a locklng key 12.,

The locking key 12 is formed with spaced laterally extending studs 13, which fit in transverse apertures 14L formed in the Webs of the adjacent rail sections 6, thus to hold said rail sections in assembled position and prevent longitudinal movement of one relative to the other during the passage of a train over the joint. The outer face of the locking key 12 is also formed with a seating recess defining a shoulder 15 adapted to rest upon the upperlongitudinal edge of the short brace 9, the upper edge of the locking key and high brace 8 being cut to conform to and adapted to bear against the lower face of the ball of therail, as indicated at 16. The seat 17 in the chair is preferably of sufiicient size to snugly engage the base of the rails, so as to prevent lateral displacement of the rails within the chair and also brace the rails either when the key is seated or withdrawn from the chair.

It will here be noted that the outer faces of the brace 9, key 12, and ball of the rail sections 6 are flush or in vertical alinement w1th each other so as not to offer any objstruction, while, at the same time, affording a strong brace or reinforcement for the rail sections at the juncturethereof. It will also be noted that the lower edge of the locking key 12 is supported entirely on the shoulder 11 and not upon the base of the rails, so that the weight of a car or train passing over the joint will be transmitted through the medium of the key and brace 9 to the base of the rails, and thus assist in clamping the latter within the chair.

In assembling the parts, the rails are first placed end to end and the key positioned thereon with the studs 13 extending through the apertures 14, after which the chair is 

